Please help the Black Earth Institute continue to make art and grow community so needed for our time. Donate now »

a literary journal published by the Black Earth Institute dedicated to re-forging the links between art and spirit, earth and society

Megan Wheeler


Split Families of the Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes of the Flatheads

Consider the first house

gone to tribal reclamation

an attempt to balance harms.

 

No screen, no shelter, no door to open,

concrete—in memory.

 

That’s a good thing, I tell myself,

this house—gone

good for the tribe

and good for the harm held

in my own skin

white in the mirror—White—on the tribal roster.

 

The reparation of past harms

is not easily assimilated

like my father, carrying his minus one drop

from half-Indian blood.

 

He would leap off the back

of that boarding school truck

like a reservation dog.

 

Pay back is an entire landscape

a wilderness of reservations.

 

Some of us exhume our dead

to prove our bloodlines.  My father

might be exhumed and placed in ground

over which all his children could pass.

 

There are billions of us:

Indians enrolled in tribes, Indians

with the same blood quantum

as siblings—unenrolled, unwelcome,

those who hold not one drop

of Indian blood.

 

We all ask the same questions:

What do we count as?

What can we claim?

 

* In 1960, the Confederated Salish and Kootenai Nation voted for an amendment that set the enrollment criterium, for membership in the tribe, as a one-quarter minimum blood quantum. Those born before 1960 with a lesser blood quantum were enrolled, and those with the same blood quantum born after 1960 were not, thus creating split families. Since that time, the tribe has slowly reclaimed land formerly owned by non-Indian farmers, ranchers, and property holders. The tribe has further ruled that those unenrolled, whether they hold Indian blood, and whether they live on the reservation, will no longer be allowed access to these former places of inhabitation and recreation.


Blood Quantum

My father’s spirit in the form of a deer

awaits me on my doorstep.

 

The deer, antlered in his prime, is etched

into my father’s wallet, packaged carelessly

and sent to me twenty years after his death.

 

ID cards and scraps of paper hold evidence

of the years my father crammed into his short life.

 

There it is,” my husband says, “Your downfall by one degree.”

 

And I see what I have missed—my father’s tribal membership card

blood quantum: seven sixteenths—

half Indian—less one degree—and me

halved again beyond distinction, beyond petition.

 

I close the wallet and study the deer—etched under trees,

not pine, rigid, native, resolute through the coldest of winters,

but elm—transplanted, cultivated, vulnerable

like blood lines— diminishing—by degrees.

Share: 


Megan Wheeler is an emerging poet, originally from the Flathead, Salish, and Kootenai Reservation in western Montana. She lives in Eugene with her husband of 28 years. Her work explores nature as a healing force for family trauma. Megan’s work has appeared in the inaugural edition of Bird’s Thumb Anthology, Tweetspeak Poetry, and October Hill Magazine. When not writing, Megan loves spending time with her husband and dogs, enjoying the beauty of the Pacific Northwest, and volunteering to teach a poetry class at a local senior center.


©2026 Black Earth Institute. All rights reserved.  |  ISSN# 2327-784X  |  Site Admin